STLport: Note for GCC users

| Note for GCC users ### GCC versions STLport works with the following GCC flavours: gcc-3.0 Note : "wrapper mode" w/o STLport iostreams doesn't work with 3.0, as gcc 3.0 implements Koenig lookup properly, which leads to ambiguity errors when trying to wrap new-style gcc iostreams into STLport namespace. gcc-2.95.x Note: on some platforms (HP, AIX) gcc-2.95 does not implement automatic instantiation of static template data members. Please refer to gcc-2.7 section below for workaround. Cygnus "egcs": Based on gcc-2.8 development tree, it provides better template support than in FSF gcc-2.8.1, and many modern commercial compilers. It features full-blown default template parameters, namespaces, partial template specialization and member template methods. EGCS also offers greatly improved EH support. STLport works with egcs just fine. Though it comes with SGI STL, you may still want to use STLport because of debug mode. gcc-2.8.1: About the same as egcs. ( Note : you may encounter problems compiling with 2.8.1 due to bugs in partial template specialization. Just #define _STLP_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION_BUG then ) . If you use egcs or 2.8.1 or higher, you may stop reading here. ### GCC 2.7.x : Althought it does work with STLport, it has poor template support compared to other modern compilers. If you do generic programming, it's definitely time to upgrade. ### Workaround strategy To address GCC inability to auto-instantiate static template data members, the following workaround introduced: Instantiations of required static data members provided in corresponing headers under #ifdef `__PUT_STATIC_DATA_MEMBERS_HERE` ( luckily, in this version of STL their amount doesn't depend on how many different instantiations you have ). You should `#define __PUT_STATIC_DATA_MEMBERS_HERE` in one of your compilation unit ( or specify it in CFLAGS for it ) before including any STL header. That should not affect 'good' compilers in any way. Moreover, gcc on platforms that use ELF object file format or GNU linker, will work without this hack. gcc's __attribute__((weak))__ used instead as workaround. That makes gcc usable in portable way with STL on many platforms ( Linux/Solaris/etc. ). ## Known problems #### Compiling See Migration notes. #### Linking When using __attribute__((weak))__ , you may run into linker errors like : 'multiple definition of `global constructors keyed to __malloc_alloc_template<0>::oom_handler'. That indicates that you have defined some global objects in your source. gcc then produce a bug treating weak symbol declared in header as real global. The workaround is simple : just put some dummy global variable before including STL headers. That worked for me. Another way is to `#define _STLP_WEAK_ATTRIBUTE 0` in stlconf.h and use `__PUT_STATIC_DATA_MEMBERS_HERE` scheme described above. On some non-ELF systems (SunOS 4.x) "configure" sets `_STLP_WEAK_ATTRIBUTE.` Unfortunately, this won't work unless you are using GNU linker. To justify this, `#define _STLP_WEAK_ATTRIBUTE 0` in stlconf.h and use `__PUT_STATIC_DATA_MEMBERS_HERE` scheme described above. You may have troubles getting _linker_ errors compiling complex cases without -frepo. If that problem occurs, try -frepo flag. This flag is generally preferred unless you are compiling really short examples. Be sure to supply -frepo switch on the link stage, too. ## Migration notes You may have to define operators ==() and <() on all classes you are using with most containers, even if they are not really used. That is the gcc bug. Another bug is that gcc won't find this operators defined in base class, you have to redefine them. Don't define any of !=(),>(),<=(),>=;() operators for your classes - gcc have bugs in resolution and report that as ambiguity with templates in function.h. If you use `<string>` from `libg++` the described problem of the definition of `!=, >, <=` and `>=` occurs: something like: "`ambiguous template instantiation in sinst.h`" The concrete solution is to disable the definitions of those operators in `g++-include/std/sinst.h (line 59):` `__DOB (==)` `//__DOB (!=)` `__DOB (>)` `//__DOB (>)` `//__DOB (<=)` `//__DOB (<=)` `//__DOB (>=)` This would be a general fix due to gcc problems. The other possible solution is to `#include <string>` after STL headers.
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